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把vmdk文件模拟为块设备

时间:2019-4-7 15:07:38   作者:成都数据恢复中心   来源:本站原创   阅读:2830   评论:0
内容摘要:目标:基于linux平台,在内核态解析vmdk文件,把文件模拟为块设备,最后可以mount(主要是做一个简单的sparse文件读写,所以很多vmdk格式的内容没有考虑,后面会随着文档列出)环境:Ubuntu8.04linux-2.6.24-24gcc-4.2.4vmdk文件格式分析:注:这里只描述HostedSpars...
目标:基于linux平台,在内核态解析vmdk文件,把文件模拟为块设备,最后可以mount (主要是做一个简单的sparse文件读写,所以很多vmdk格式的内容没有考虑,后面会随着文档列出)

环境:Ubuntu8.04  linux-2.6.24-24  gcc-4.2.4

vmdk文件格式分析:

注:这里只描述Hosted Sparse Extents(所谓的稀疏文件,一开始创建时很小,随着数据的增多而变大)

在我们使用vmware虚拟机创建一个虚拟磁盘时,会提示你是一个single file 还是 多个split file 并且我们是sparse文件 不是flat文件。下面是一个sparse文件的格式



vmdk spec 1.1 给出的
把vmdk文件模拟为块设备 
Hosted Sparse Extent Header (对应上图的Sparse header)
The following example shows the content of a sparse extent’s header from a VMware hosted
product, such as VMware Workstation, VMware Player, VMware ACE, VMware Server, or VMware
GSX Server:
把vmdk文件模拟为块设备 
This structure (struct SparseExtentHeader) needs to be packed. If you use gcc to compile your application, you must use the
keyword __attribute__((__packed__)).
typedef uint64 SectorType;
typedef uint8 Bool;
struct vmdisk_header {
uint32_t version;
uint32_t flags;
int64_t capacity;//代表这个extent的大小,以扇区数表示
int64_t granularity;//一个grain的大小,以扇区数表示
int64_t desc_offset;//描述符的偏移,以扇区为基数
int64_t desc_size; //描述符的大小,以扇区为基数
int32_t num_gtes_per_gte;//graintable的entry数目,规范上是512 就是每个GDE对应的GTE的数目
int64_t rgd_offset;//这里指向的是redundant grain directory的位置
int64_t gd_offset;// 这里指向的是grain directory的位置
int64_t grain_offset;
char filler[1];
char check_bytes[4];
};
通过下面这个图可以找到需要的数据,其中数据都是以扇区为偏移的,在规范的11页有详细的计算方法
把vmdk文件模拟为块设备 
代码主要是根据读取文件来填充header结构体,然后根据header结构体,和上面这张图,来读取相应的位置的数据,如果是写数据,就计算好位置,写进去。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
代码部分:

vmdk.h //头文件
  1. #define SECTOR_BITS 9
  2. #define SECTOR_SIZE (1 << SECTOR_BITS)
  3. #define SECTOR_MASK (SECTOR_SIZE - 1)
  4. #define L1_BITS (SECTOR_BITS - 3)
  5. #define L1_SIZE (1 << L1_BITS)
  6. #define L1_MASK (L1_SIZE - 1)
  7. #define L2_BITS SECTOR_BITS
  8. #define L2_SIZE (1 << L2_BITS)
  9. #define L2_MASK (L2_SIZE - 1)
  10. #define MIN(x,y) (((x) < (y)) ? (x) : (y))
  11. struct vmdisk_header
  12. {
  13. uint32_t version;
  14. uint32_t flags;
  15. uint64_t capacity;
  16. uint64_t granularity;
  17. uint64_t desc_offset;
  18. uint64_t desc_size;
  19. uint32_t num_gtes_per_gte;
  20. uint64_t rgd_offset;
  21. uint64_t gd_offset;
  22. uint64_t grain_offset;
  23. char filler[1];
  24. char check_bytes[4];
  25. };
复制代码
vmdk.c //主文件
  1. #include <linux/module.h>
  2. #include <linux/init.h>
  3. #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
  4. #include <linux/blkdev.h>
  5. #include <linux/fs.h>
  6. #include <linux/bio.h>
  7. #include <linux/kthread.h>
  8. #include <linux/spinlock.h>
  9. #include <linux/types.h>
  10. #include <asm/div64.h>
  11. #include <asm/stat.h>
  12. #include "vmdk.h"
  13. #define KERNEL_SECTOR_SIZE 512
  14. #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE
  15. #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
  16. #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
  17. static char *name = NULL;
  18. //static char name_vmdk[30] = "/home/pengpeng/a.vmdk";
  19. struct bio_list {
  20. struct bio *head;
  21. struct bio *tail;
  22. };//直接引用内核中未导出的结构体了
  23. struct vmdk_dev{
  24. struct request_queue *vmdk_queue;
  25. struct gendisk *vmdk_disk;
  26. struct file *fvmdk;
  27. struct task_struct *vmdk_thread;
  28. wait_queue_head_t vmdk_event;
  29. struct bio_list vmdk_bio_list;
  30. uint64_t size;
  31. spinlock_t vmdk_lock;
  32. };
  33. struct block_device_operations vmdk_fops = {
  34. .owner                = THIS_MODULE,
  35. };
  36. static struct vmdk_dev *vmdk_device;
  37. static int vmdk_major;//因为要把vmdk文件模拟为一个块设备,所以需要设备号
  38. static int hardsect_size = 512;
  39. static struct vmdisk_header header4;
  40. static struct cowdisk_header header;
  41. static uint64_t disk_limit;//磁盘容量
  42. static unsigned int granule_size;
  43. static uint32_t *l1dir;//GDE存储位置
  44. static unsigned int cached_l2dir;//代表上一次访问的GDE索引,如果当前访问的位置和上一次位于同一个GDE代表的范围内,就不要读取GTE表格了,直接用上一次读取的GTE表格
  45. static uint32_t l2dir[L2_SIZE];//GTE表格内容 -512项
  46. static struct vmdk_prm {
  47. uint32_t grain_table_size; //对应num_gtes_per_gte
  48. uint32_t sectors_per_grain;//一个grain所包含的扇区数 手册上默认是128 即一个grain是64kB
  49. uint32_t sectors_per_table; //前两项的乘积,就是一个GTE table所代表的扇区数
  50. uint32_t directory_size;//GDE的项数
  51. } vdsk;
  52. //----------了解块设备驱动的应该很熟悉这个吧
  53. static inline void bio_list_add(struct bio_list *bl, struct bio *bio)
  54. {
  55. bio->bi_next = NULL;
  56. if (bl->tail)
  57. bl->tail->bi_next = bio;
  58. else
  59. bl->head = bio;
  60. bl->tail = bio;
  61. }
  62. static inline int bio_list_empty(const struct bio_list *bl)
  63. {
  64. return bl->head == NULL;
  65. }
  66. static inline struct bio *bio_list_pop(struct bio_list *bl)
  67. {
  68. struct bio *bio = bl->head;
  69. if (bio) {
  70. bl->head = bl->head->bi_next;
  71. if (!bl->head)
  72. bl->tail = NULL;
  73. bio->bi_next = NULL;
  74. }
  75. return bio;
  76. }
  77. static void vmdk_add_bio(struct vmdk_dev *dev, struct bio *bio)
  78. {
  79. bio_list_add(&dev->vmdk_bio_list, bio);
  80. }
  81. static struct bio * vmdk_get_bio(struct vmdk_dev *dev)
  82. {
  83. return bio_list_pop(&dev->vmdk_bio_list);
  84. }
  85. //--------------------------------------------------------
  86. //------------从文件的offset偏移处读取length长度的文件,存放到buffer处
  87. static int read_physical(struct file *f, loff_t offset, size_t length, void *buffer)
  88. {
  89. size_t n;
  90. if(f->f_op->llseek(f, offset, SEEK_SET) == (loff_t)-1)
  91. return -1;
  92. n = f->f_op->read(f, buffer, length, &f->f_pos);
  93. if (n < 0) {
  94. printk(KERN_ALERT "read from disk %lld", offset);
  95. return -1;
  96. }

  97. return n;
  98. }
  99. //-----------写到文件的offset处
  100. static int write_physical(struct file *f, loff_t offset, size_t length, void *buffer)
  101. {
  102. size_t n;
  103. if(f->f_op->llseek(f, offset, SEEK_SET) == (loff_t)-1)
  104. return -1;
  105. n = f->f_op->write(f, buffer, length, &f->f_pos);
  106. if (n < 0) {
  107. printk(KERN_ALERT "write to disk %lld", offset);

  108. return -1;
  109. }
  110. //printk(KERN_ALERT "write_physical 0x%x\n", n);
  111. return n;
  112. }
  113. //读取某个GTE表格
  114. static int read_l2dir(struct file *f, size_t offset, int num)
  115. {
  116. return read_physical(f, offset << SECTOR_BITS, sizeof(l2dir[0]) * num, (char *)l2dir) != sizeof(l2dir);
  117. }
  118. //读取GDE
  119. static int read_l1dir(struct file *f, size_t offset, int num)
  120. {
  121. l1dir = kmalloc(sizeof(*l1dir) * num, GFP_KERNEL);
  122. if (!l1dir)
  123. return -1;
  124. return read_physical(f, offset << SECTOR_BITS, sizeof(*l1dir) * num, (char *)l1dir) != (sizeof(*l1dir) * num);
  125. }
  126. //主要是对需要的结构进行一些初始化设置
  127. static int open_disk(struct file *f)
  128. {
  129. char magic[4];
  130. int ret = 0;
  131. int d;
  132. uint64_t  m;
  133. mm_segment_t old_fs;
  134. old_fs = get_fs(); //-------内核中读写文件必须这两句吧
  135. set_fs(KERNEL_DS);//------

  136. if(f->f_op->read(f, magic, sizeof(magic), &f->f_pos) != sizeof(magic)){
  137. printk(KERN_ALERT "error magic\n");
  138. ret = -1;
  139. goto out_set_fs;
  140. }
  141. if (!memcmp(magic, "KDMV", sizeof(magic))) { //----代码其实只实现了vmdk格式
  142. d = 1;
  143. } else if (!memcmp(magic, "COWD", sizeof(magic))) {
  144. d = 2;
  145. } else {
  146. printk(KERN_ALERT "Not vmdk file\n");
  147. ret = -1;
  148. goto out_set_fs;
  149. }
  150. if(d == 1){
  151. if(f->f_op->read(f, (void*)&header4, sizeof(header4), &f->f_pos) != sizeof(header4)){
  152. printk(KERN_ALERT "error header\n");
  153. ret = -1;
  154. goto out_set_fs;
  155. }
  156. granule_size = header4.granularity << SECTOR_BITS;
  157. disk_limit = header4.capacity << SECTOR_BITS;
  158. cached_l2dir = -1;
  159. vdsk.grain_table_size = header4.num_gtes_per_gte;
  160. vdsk.sectors_per_grain = header4.granularity;
  161. vdsk.sectors_per_table = vdsk.grain_table_size * vdsk.sectors_per_grain;

  162. m = header4.capacity + vdsk.sectors_per_table - 1;
  163. do_div(m, vdsk.sectors_per_table);
  164. vdsk.directory_size = m + 1;
  165. //printk(KERN_ALERT "directory _size %d", vdsk.directory_size);
  166. if (read_l1dir(f, header4.rgd_offset, vdsk.directory_size)){
  167. ret = -1;
  168.    goto out_set_fs;
  169. }
  170. }
  171. else{
  172.    if(f->f_op->read(f, (void*)&header, sizeof(header), &f->f_pos) != sizeof(header)){
  173. printk(KERN_ALERT "error header\n");
  174. ret = -1;
  175. goto out_set_fs;
  176. }
  177. granule_size = header.granularity << SECTOR_BITS;
  178. vdsk.sectors_per_grain = header.granularity;
  179. vdsk.grain_table_size = L2_SIZE;
  180. vdsk.sectors_per_table = vdsk.grain_table_size * vdsk.sectors_per_grain;
  181. vdsk.directory_size = L1_SIZE;
  182. disk_limit = header.disk_sectors << SECTOR_BITS;
  183. if (read_l1dir(f, header.l1dir_offset, L1_SIZE))
  184. ret = -1;
  185. goto out_set_fs;
  186. }
  187. out_set_fs: 
  188. set_fs(old_fs);
  189. return ret;
  190. }
  191. static size_t copy_virtual(struct vmdk_prm *dsk, struct file *f, loff_t offset, void *buffer, unsigned long length)
  192. {
  193. unsigned int granule_offset;
  194. unsigned int grain_index;
  195. unsigned int sector_map_idx;
  196. int32_t l;
  197. uint64_t m;
  198. uint32_t n;
  199. l = length;
  200. while(l > 0){
  201. m = offset;
  202. granule_offset = do_div(m, granule_size);
  203. //printk(KERN_ALERT "granule_offset %d\n",granule_offset);
  204. // printk(KERN_ALERT "length %x\n",length);
  205. //length = MIN(length, granule_size - granule_offset);
  206. if(length > granule_size - granule_offset)
  207. length = granule_size - granule_offset;
  208. length = MIN(length, disk_limit - offset);
  209. //printk(KERN_ALERT "length %x\n",length);
  210. m = offset >> SECTOR_BITS;
  211. do_div(m, dsk->sectors_per_table);
  212. sector_map_idx = m;
  213. // printk(KERN_ALERT "sector_map_idx %d\n",sector_map_idx);
  214. if (sector_map_idx >= dsk->directory_size) {
  215. printk(KERN_ALERT "cannot locate grain table for %d in %d\n", sector_map_idx, dsk->directory_size);
  216. return -1;
  217. }
  218. if (l1dir[sector_map_idx] == 0) {
  219. printk(KERN_ALERT "l1zero\n");
  220. goto zero_fill;
  221. }
  222. if (sector_map_idx != cached_l2dir) {
  223. if (read_l2dir(f, l1dir[sector_map_idx], dsk->grain_table_size)) {
  224. printk(KERN_ALERT "read failed\n");
  225. return -1;
  226. }
  227. cached_l2dir = sector_map_idx;
  228. }

  229. m = offset >> SECTOR_BITS;
  230. n = do_div(m, dsk->sectors_per_table);
  231. grain_index = n / dsk->sectors_per_grain;
  232. if (grain_index >= dsk->grain_table_size) {
  233. printk(KERN_ALERT "grain to large\n");
  234. return -1;
  235. }
  236. if (l2dir[grain_index] == 0)
  237. {
  238. //printk(KERN_ALERT "l2zero\n");
  239. goto zero_fill;}
  240. if (read_physical(f, (l2dir[grain_index] << SECTOR_BITS) + granule_offset, length, buffer) != length) {
  241. printk(KERN_ALERT "read error 2\n");
  242. return -1;
  243. }
  244. goto zero_next;
  245. //return length;
  246. zero_fill:
  247. memset(buffer, 0 ,length);
  248. zero_next:
  249. offset += length;
  250. buffer += length;
  251. l -= length;
  252. //return length;
  253. }
  254. return 1;
  255. }
  256. static size_t write_virtual(struct vmdk_prm *dsk, struct file *f, loff_t offset, void *buffer, unsigned long length)
  257. {
  258. unsigned int granule_offset;
  259. unsigned int grain_index;
  260. unsigned int sector_map_idx;
  261. char tail = 1;
  262. loff_t l;
  263. uint64_t m;
  264. int32_t ll;
  265. uint32_t n;
  266. ll = length;//signed  unsigned
  267. while(ll > 0){//一开始没有考虑这个while,几乎导致个人的崩溃
  268. m = offset;
  269. granule_offset = do_div(m, granule_size);
  270. //length = MIN(length, granule_size - granule_offset);
  271. if(length > granule_size - granule_offset)
  272. length = granule_size - granule_offset;
  273. length = MIN(length, disk_limit - offset);
  274. m = offset >> SECTOR_BITS;
  275. do_div(m, dsk->sectors_per_table);
  276. sector_map_idx = m;
  277. if (sector_map_idx >= dsk->directory_size) {
  278. printk(KERN_ALERT "cannot locate grain table for %d in %d\n", sector_map_idx, dsk->directory_size);
  279. return -1;
  280. }
  281. if (l1dir[sector_map_idx] == 0)
  282. return -1;

  283. if (sector_map_idx != cached_l2dir) {
  284. if (read_l2dir(f, l1dir[sector_map_idx], dsk->grain_table_size)) {
  285. printk(KERN_ALERT "read failed\n");
  286. return -1;
  287. }
  288. cached_l2dir = sector_map_idx;
  289. }

  290. m = offset >> SECTOR_BITS;
  291. n = do_div(m, dsk->sectors_per_table);
  292. grain_index = n / dsk->sectors_per_grain;
  293. if (grain_index >= dsk->grain_table_size) {
  294. printk(KERN_ALERT "grain to large\n");
  295. return -1;
  296. }

  297. if (l2dir[grain_index] == 0){
  298. printk(KERN_ALERT "gaga\n");
  299. if((l = f->f_op->llseek(f, 0, SEEK_END)) == (loff_t)-1)
  300. return -1;

  301. l2dir[grain_index] = l >> SECTOR_BITS;
  302. if(write_physical(f, ((l1dir[sector_map_idx] << SECTOR_BITS) + (grain_index << 2)), 4, &l2dir[grain_index]) != 4)
  303. return -1;
  304. if(f->f_op->llseek(f, 64*1024 - 1, SEEK_END) == (loff_t)-1)
  305. return -1;
  306. if(f->f_op->write(f, &tail, 1, &f->f_pos) < 0)
  307. return -1;
  308. }
  309. //printk(KERN_ALERT "write_virtual 0x%x\n", length);
  310. if(write_physical(f, (l2dir[grain_index] << SECTOR_BITS) + granule_offset, length, buffer) != length){
  311. printk(KERN_ALERT "write error\n");
  312. return -1;
  313. }
  314. //return length;
  315. buffer += length;
  316. offset += length;
  317. ll -= length;
  318. }
  319. return 1;
  320. }
  321. static int vmdk_transfer(struct vmdk_dev *dev, unsigned long sector,
  322. unsigned long nsect, char *buffer, int write)
  323. {
  324. loff_t offset = sector*KERNEL_SECTOR_SIZE;
  325. loff_t nbytes = nsect*KERNEL_SECTOR_SIZE;
  326. int ret = 0;
  327. struct file *f = dev->fvmdk;
  328. mm_segment_t old_fs;
  329. if ((offset + nbytes) > dev->size) {
  330. printk (KERN_NOTICE "Beyond-end write %x\n", offset);
  331. printk (KERN_NOTICE "Beyond-end write %x\n", nbytes);
  332. return -1;
  333. }

  334. old_fs = get_fs();
  335. set_fs(KERNEL_DS);

  336. if (write){
  337. ret = (write_virtual(&vdsk, f, offset, buffer, nbytes) > 0);
  338. //ret = -1;

  339. }
  340. else{ 
  341. ret = (copy_virtual(&vdsk, f, offset, buffer, nbytes) > 0);

  342. //printk(KERN_ALERT "read %d", ret); 
  343. }

  344. set_fs(old_fs);
  345. return ((ret == -1) ? 1 : 0);
  346. }
  347. static void vmdk_handle_bio(struct vmdk_dev *dev, struct bio *bio)
  348. {
  349. int i;
  350. struct bio_vec *bvec;
  351. sector_t sector = bio->bi_sector;
  352. int status = 0;
  353. /* Do each segment independently. */
  354. bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, i) {
  355. char *buffer = kmap(bio_iovec_idx((bio), (i))->bv_page) + bio_iovec_idx((bio), (i))->bv_offset;
  356. status = vmdk_transfer(dev, sector, bio_cur_sectors(bio),
  357. buffer, bio_data_dir(bio) == WRITE);
  358. if(status)
  359. break;
  360. sector += bio_cur_sectors(bio);
  361. kunmap(bio_iovec_idx((bio), (i))->bv_page);
  362. }
  363. bio_endio(bio, status);
  364. }
  365. static int vmdk_rw_thread(void *data)
  366. {
  367. struct vmdk_dev *dev = data;
  368. struct bio *bio;
  369. set_user_nice(current, -20);
  370. while (!kthread_should_stop() || !bio_list_empty(&dev->vmdk_bio_list)) {
  371. if(wait_event_interruptible(dev->vmdk_event,
  372. !bio_list_empty(&dev->vmdk_bio_list) ||
  373. kthread_should_stop()))
  374. break;
  375. if (bio_list_empty(&dev->vmdk_bio_list))
  376. continue;
  377. spin_lock_irq(&dev->vmdk_lock);
  378. bio = vmdk_get_bio(dev);
  379. spin_unlock_irq(&dev->vmdk_lock);
  380. BUG_ON(!bio);
  381. vmdk_handle_bio(dev, bio);
  382. //bio_endio(bio, (status ? 0 : 1));
  383. }
  384. return 0;
  385. }
  386. static int vmdk_make_request(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *old_bio)
  387. {
  388. struct vmdk_dev *dev = q->queuedata;
  389. int rw = bio_rw(old_bio);
  390. if(rw == READA)
  391. rw = READ;
  392. BUG_ON(!dev || (rw != READ && rw != WRITE));

  393. spin_lock_irq(&dev->vmdk_lock);
  394. vmdk_add_bio(dev, old_bio);
  395. wake_up(&dev->vmdk_event); //这里唤醒内核线程,处理bio
  396. spin_unlock_irq(&dev->vmdk_lock);
  397. return 0;
  398. }
  399. struct vmdk_dev *vmdk_alloc(int i)//块设备驱动的一些初始化工作
  400. {
  401. struct vmdk_dev *dev;
  402. struct gendisk *disk;
  403. dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
  404. if (!dev)
  405. goto out;
  406. dev->vmdk_queue = blk_alloc_queue(GFP_KERNEL);
  407. if (!dev->vmdk_queue)
  408. goto out_free_dev;
  409. blk_queue_make_request(dev->vmdk_queue, &vmdk_make_request);//vmdk_make_request 这个函数 当有数据请求是会调用这个函数
  410. blk_queue_hardsect_size(dev->vmdk_queue, hardsect_size);
  411. dev->vmdk_queue->queuedata = dev;

  412. disk = dev->vmdk_disk = alloc_disk(16);
  413. if (!disk)
  414. goto out_free_queue;
  415. dev->vmdk_thread = NULL;
  416. init_waitqueue_head(&dev->vmdk_event);
  417. spin_lock_init(&dev->vmdk_lock);
  418. disk->major = vmdk_major;
  419. disk->first_minor = i * 16;
  420. disk->fops = &vmdk_fops;
  421. disk->private_data = dev;
  422. disk->queue = dev->vmdk_queue;
  423. sprintf(disk->disk_name, "vmdk%c", 'a');
  424. dev->vmdk_thread = kthread_create(vmdk_rw_thread, dev, "vmdk%d", i);
  425. wake_up_process(dev->vmdk_thread);
  426. if(IS_ERR(dev->vmdk_thread))
  427. goto out_free_queue;
  428. return dev;
  429. out_free_queue:
  430. blk_cleanup_queue(dev->vmdk_queue);
  431. out_free_dev:
  432. kfree(dev);
  433. out:
  434. return NULL;
  435. }
  436. static int __init vmdk_init(void)
  437. {
  438. int status;
  439. struct file *f;
  440. vmdk_major = register_blkdev(0, "vmdk");
  441. if(vmdk_major <= 0){
  442. printk(KERN_ALERT "can not get major\n");
  443. return -EBUSY;
  444. }
  445. vmdk_device = vmdk_alloc(0);
  446. if(vmdk_device == NULL){
  447. printk(KERN_ALERT "no mem\n");
  448. goto Enomem;
  449. }

  450. if(!name)
  451. goto freedisk;
  452. vmdk_device->fvmdk = filp_open(name, O_RDWR | O_LARGEFILE, 0664);
  453. if(IS_ERR(vmdk_device->fvmdk))
  454. goto freedisk;
  455. f = vmdk_device->fvmdk;
  456. status = open_disk(f);
  457. if(status < 0)
  458. goto out_close_file;
  459. set_capacity(vmdk_device->vmdk_disk, header4.capacity);
  460. vmdk_device->size = (header4.capacity) << 9;
  461. add_disk(vmdk_device->vmdk_disk);

  462. return 0;
  463. out_close_file:
  464. if(l1dir)
  465. kfree(l1dir);
  466. filp_close(vmdk_device->fvmdk, current->files);
  467. freedisk:
  468. blk_cleanup_queue(vmdk_device->vmdk_queue);
  469. kfree(vmdk_device);
  470. Enomem:
  471. unregister_blkdev(vmdk_major, "vmdk");
  472. return -ENOMEM;

  473. }
  474. static void vmdk_exit(void)
  475. {
  476. kthread_stop(vmdk_device->vmdk_thread); 
  477. filp_close(vmdk_device->fvmdk,current->files);
  478. kfree(l1dir);
  479. blk_cleanup_queue(vmdk_device->vmdk_queue);
  480. del_gendisk(vmdk_device->vmdk_disk);
  481. kfree(vmdk_device);
  482. unregister_blkdev(vmdk_major, "vmdk");
  483. }
  484. module_init(vmdk_init);
  485. module_exit(vmdk_exit);
  486. module_param(name, charp, S_IRUGO);
  487. MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
复制代码
第一次写这个代码的时候没做什么注释,只是写了个简单的文档,其实是10年1月时写的代码,刚刚来道上混,不懂江湖规矩,大家将就一下吧。现在把代码拿出来拿出来与大家分享,想做点注释,但是又觉得麻烦。因为代码的调用关系很简单。并且也没有内核中那么复杂的merge算法,纯bio操作。如果你了解基本的块设备驱动的编写方法,并且有这方面的工作需求(都是b出来的),读这部分的代码应该很容易的。
写这个代码用了我大约40天的时间,呵呵。很痛苦的经历。虽然代码写的很简单,也不是多完善,功能上确实可以正常运行了。
个人觉得在编写代码中遇到的难点是:
1.如何在内核态读取文件,cu上很多类似的代码都是insmod时读取,但是如果你需要insmod之后读取呢,这时就需要自己建立一个进程上下文的环境,开启内核线程。
2.对vmdk文件格式的把握,然后在代码中严格按照格式去操作,代码中的copy_virtual
和write_virtual是历经磨难
3.对bio结构体的操作,需要kmap和kunmap
4.开启内核线程之后,需要互斥对bio链表的操作,内核发来bio,这时唤醒内核线程对bio操作,所以需要互斥
在加载驱动后,会在/dev下看到vmdka vmdka1之类的设备节点,如果你的vmdk文件是包括文件系统的,这时你可以mount这个设备节点,然后到相应的目录下进行操作就可以了
参考:
ldd3
ldk2
cu上赵磊大侠的文章
qemu源码 vmdk2raw.c
vmdk-loop.c
linux loop驱动
无数次的google
一两次的cu发帖
vm-spec文档

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